Wintering colonies of Nathusius’ pipistrelle are known in the Caucasus ( Ivanitskiy 2018 Rakhmatulina 2005), but it is unknown whether bats arrive there from the northern part of the range. It seems that yearling female Nathusius’ pipistrelle ringed in Darwin Reserve should fly south to the Caucasus, because it is much closer than the French Alps. Therefore, other directions of bats migration remain unknown. We received 10 recoveries of bats of 3 species ( M. daubentonii, Nyctalus noctula, P. nathusii) besides the mentioned record, all of them near the ringing site. In this case, it turns out that it has flown at least 3000 km.Ī total of 237 bats of 7 species were ringed in the Darwin Reserve in 2006–2010. We suspect that our bat also used this path. Bat concentrations have been observed at bird ringing stations located in this region during the migratory season ( Markovets et al. The Baltic Sea coast can be such a guiding line for bats. Their migrations follow routes that are partly directed by the shores of large water streams ( Cortes and Gillam 2020 Heist et al. Obviously, bats do not fly in straight line. The distance of 2486 km is the shortest distance between the ringing and death places of the animal. Long-distance movement of a Nathusius’ pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii from Borok (Russia) to Lully (France). All three individuals were ringed in Germany 860–930 km northeast of the recovery site ( Desmet 2016). There are three other long-distance Nathusius’ pipistrelles evidences (2 males and 1 female) in the vicinity of Lully. Its carcass was found in Lully (Haute-Savoie, France) in a water tank near houses on Septem(N 46° 17′ 01″ E 006° 24′ 54″’). Ringing was performed on Jin the vicinity of the village of Borok in the Darwin Nature Biosphere Reserve in the south of the Vologda region (N 58° 34′ 14″ E 037° 33′ 17″). We ringed a yearling female Nathusius’ pipistrelle in the North-West of Russia, and it flew away at least 2486 km to the French Alps in 63 days ( Figure 1). However, it has now become clear that bats fly over greater distances in approximately this direction. In the tropics, some bats feeding on nectar or fruits can also migrate seasonally over distances up to 2000 km ( Richter and Cumming 2008): if in neighbouring territories flowering and fruiting of plants occurs at different times ( Fleming 2004, 2019).Ī record migration distance of 2224 km was recently described: a Nathusius’ pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii ringed in 2015 in Latvia was caught in Spain in 2017 ( Alcalde et al. Similar information is known for North American migratory species ( Cryan et al. According to ringing data, these species often fly over several hundred kilometres, rarely more than 1000. and parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus ( Dietz and Kiefer 2016). In Europe, such species include noctule bats Nyctalus spp., pipistrelle bats Pipistrellus spp. However, if bats prefer shallow shelters (hollows, shallow cavities) and need a relatively high ambient temperature during hibernation, then they migrate much further ( Popa-Lisseanu and Voigt 2009). 2019) or up to 450 km for the northern bat Eptesicus nilssonii ( Hutterer et al. Migrations of such bats usually do not exceed tens of kilometres, rarely up to 350 km for the pond bat Myotis dasycneme ( Haarsma et al. If bats hibernate in cool underground shelters or are cold-hardy, they can hibernate in cold climates. In temperate climates, bat migrations are usually associated with suitable hibernation sites ( Hutterer et al. 2010), and migration routes studies are important in order to plan the location of new wind farms and implement mitigation measures ( Thaxter et al. Wind turbines cause large numbers of bat fatalities ( Rydell et al. Although interest in bat migrations has grown rapidly over the last decades ( Popa-Lisseanu and Voigt 2009), this is mostly due to the development of wind farms ( Lehnert et al. There is some lack of knowledge even in different parts of Europe, due to the lack of bat banding in most countries ( Hutterer et al. Large areas outside Europe and North America remain poorly explored in this regard ( Fleming 2019). 2005), but information about this phenomenon is coming slowly, and the migration routes have not been fully identified. Bat migrations have been studied for a long time ( Hutterer et al.
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